Iziphumo ze-per- ne-polyfluoroalkyl (PFAS) yizigaba zamakhemikhali ezenziwe ngabantu ezisetshenziswa kabanzi emikhiqizweni ehlukahlukene yokusetshenziswa, kuhlanganise nezitsha zokupheka. Izici zazo ezihlukile zenze zaba nekhono lokumelana nokushisa, amanzi, kanye namafutha, okwenze zaba nempumelelo ekusetshenzisweni kwezikhwama zokupheka ezinganamatheli nezinye izitsha zokupheka. Nokho, ubufakazi besayensi obukhulayo buphakamise ukukhathazeka okukhulu kwezempilo okuhlobene nokub exposure ku-PFAS. Lezi zinto zamakhemikhali zihlala isikhathi eside emvelweni nasezithweni zomuntu, zivame ukubizwa ngokuthi "amakhemikhali aphila phakade." Ucwaningo luhlanganisa ukub exposure ku-PFAS nemiphumela emibi yezempilo efana nokuphazamiseka kwezitho zomzimba, ukwehla kwesistimu yokuvikela, kanye nokwanda kokuphazamiseka kwezifo ezithile zomdlavuza. Ukuqonda ukuvela kwe-PFAS ezitshalweni zokupheka kubalulekile kubathengi abawubeka phambili impilo nokuphepha kokupheka kwabo.

Ithimba lezingubo zokupheka libone ukukhula kokufuna kwabathengi kwezinto zokupheka ezinganawo ama-PFAS, kuhlanganise nezitsha eziphephile nezimbiza zensimbi ezikhanyayo, ezingenawo lawa makhemikhali ayingozi. Uma ukhetha izinto zokupheka, kubalulekile ukuhlela izinto nezindlela zokukhiqiza ukuze unciphise ukuvezwa kwe-PFAS. Le ndatshana ihlola ucwaningo lwakamuva lokuhlanganiswa kwe-PFAS ekudleni, izimpendulo zomthetho, kanye neziphakamiso ezisebenzayo zokukusiza wenze izinqumo ezicacile mayelana nezinto zakho zokupheka.

Ucwaningo olubalulekile olwenziwe abacwaningi eNyuvesi yaseNorth Carolina (UNC) eChapel Hill luveze ukuthi ukuhlanganiswa kwe-PFAS kudlula emikhiqizweni yokudla. Ucwaningo luhlaziye uxhumano phakathi kokudla okuthile, amathuluzi ok cook, kanye nezinga le-PFAS emzimbeni womuntu. Imiphumela ikhombisa ukuthi ukuvezwa kwenzeka ikakhulukazi ngemikhiqizo yokudla ehlungiwe ephekiwe noma efakwe ngezinto ezine-PFAS, kanye nasezithombeni zokupheka ezenziwe ngalezi zinto.

Ucwaningo lukhombisa ukuthi ama-skillet anganqamuki kanye nezinye izinto zokupheka ezidumile, uma efakwe izinto ze-PFAS, zingase zibe nomthelela ekudleni kwalezi zinto eziyingozi. Le ngxenye ibalulekile ngoba amakhemikhali e-PFAS ahlala emzimbeni futhi angathinta izinhlelo eziningi zomzimba ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Ucwaningo lukhuthaza abathengi ukuba babe neqhaza mayelana nezinto zokupheka abazisebenzisayo futhi lugcizelela isidingo sokuthathwa kwezinyathelo zokulawula ukuvimbela i-PFAS ezindaweni zokulungiselela ukudla.

Ucwaningo lwe-UNC Chapel Hill luthole ukuxhumana okuqinile phakathi kokusetshenziswa kwemishini yokupheka efakwe i-PFAS kanye nezinga eliphakeme le-PFAS kubantu. Ukudla okucutshunguliwe, okuvame ukufakwa ezithombeni ezine-PFAS, kwandisa kakhulu le miphumela. Imishini yokupheka efana nezitsha ezine-coating engabambeki ezine-PFAS ingadlulisa lezi kemikhali uma zishiswa kaningi, ikakhulukazi ekuphekeni okushisayo.

Abathengi abavame ukuncika ekudleni okwenziwe noma ukudla okusheshayo babeka engcupheni yokuthi bahlale bephakanyiswa i-PFAS uma kuqhathaniswa nalabo abapheka ngezindlela eziphephile, njengomlilo wokhuni noma izitsha zensimbi engagqwali. Lezi zifundo zikhuthaza abasebenzisi bezitsha zokupheka ukuba bakhethe imikhiqizo engafakwanga i-PFAS futhi banciphise ukudla okwenziwe ukuze banciphise ubungozi bezempilo. Ukuqonda le ngxenye kusiza abathengi ukuba bagxile ekuphepheni ezikhethweni zabo zezinto zokupheka nasezikhathini zabo zokudla.

Ukuqonda izingozi zempilo ezibangelwa yi-PFAS, iCalifornia idlulise iSenate Bill 682, ehloselwe ukunciphisa ukuvela kwe-PFAS emikhiqizweni yokusetshenziswa, kuhlanganise nezitsha zokupheka. Le mthetho ifuna abakhiqizi ukuthi baveze okuqukethwe kwe-PFAS futhi kancane kancane bakhiphe lezi kemikhali ezimpahleni zasendlini. Ukuphumelelwa kwalesi sikhwama kubonisa isinyathelo esibalulekile sokuvikela impilo yomphakathi nokukhuthaza izinketho eziphephile emakethe yezitsha zokupheka.

I-California ibheke phambili ithonya abathengisi nabakhiqizi kulo lonke elaseMelika, ikhuthaza ukuthuthukiswa kwemigqa yokupheka engena-PFAS. Le mikhankaso yomthetho ihambisana nezintandokazi zabathengi ezishintsha ziya ezinketho eziphilile futhi iphakamisa izitolo zokupheka ukuthi zigcine izinto zokupheka eziphephile, kuhlanganise nezitsha nezimbiza ezingenazo izifutho eziyingozi. Ukuqonda umkhakha wezomthetho kusiza abathengi kanye nezinkampani ukuba bahlale beqaphele futhi bahloniphe izindinganiso zokuphepha ezivela.

Ukuze unciphise ukuvezwa kwe-PFAS ngezingubo zokupheka, cabanga ngezixazululo ezilandelayo ezisebenzayo. Okokuqala, gwema ukuthenga ama-skillet anganqamuki namapani akhangisa "akukhona i-PFOA" kodwa asenama-PFAS amanye. Kunalokho, khetha amapoto enziwe ngensimbi, insimbi engagqwali, noma izingubo zokupheka ezine-ceramic ezingenamaphutha e-PFAS.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, gwema ukupheka ukudla okwenziwe ngempela njalo, njengoba kungase kube ne-PFAS ezivamile ezivela emaphaketheni nasekucubunguleni. Hlola njalo amathuluzi akho okupheka ukuze ubone izimpawu zokulimala noma zokugqoka, okungakhuphula ukuvuza kwemichiza. Kulabo abafuna izinketho ezishibhile neziphephile, abathengisi abaningi manje banikeza amathuluzi okupheka angena ne-PFAS ahlanganisa ukuqina nezinto ezithinta impilo.

Ngemininingwane eyengeziwe mayelana nezinketho zokupheka ezisezingeni eliphezulu, vakashela ikhasi le-Cookware, elihlinzeka ngokuqoqwa okubanzi kwezinsiza zokupheka zensimbi engagqwali nezokhuni ezivela ku-Yiwu Ge Fu Craft Co., Ltd., umphakeli othembekile owaziwa ngokubeka phambili ukuphepha nekhwalithi.

Imaketheko yemishini yokupheka ibhizinisi ibuyisela ngokushesha emandleni abathengi okuthola imishini yokupheka ephephile. Abathengisi baphinde baqinisekisa ukuthi bayathengisa izitofu, amapani enziwe ngensimbi ye-cast iron, nezinye izinto zokupheka ezenziwe ngaphandle kwe-PFAS. Izinkampani ezifana ne-义乌歌赋工艺品有限公司 (Yiwu Ge Fu Craft Co., Ltd.) zigcizelela ukuzibophezela kwazo ekukhiqizeni nasekuthumeleni imishini yokupheka eyenziwe ngensimbi ye-stainless steel efanele ukudla kanye nezinkuni zemvelo, ukuqinisekisa ukuthi imikhiqizo ayinamakhemikhali abalulekile.

Ukutholakala okukhulayo kwemishini yokupheka engabizi futhi engena-PFAS kuvumela abathengi ukuba benze izinqumo eziphephile ngaphandle kokwephula ukusebenza noma isitayela. Kusukela kumapani aqinile kuya kumishini yokupheka eguquguqukayo, lezi zinketho zihlangabezana nezidingo zabapheki basekhaya kanye nosheshayo abaqeqeshiwe. Kubantu bezentengiselwano nabathengi abanentshisekelo yokuhlola lezi proizvodi, ikhasi leMikhiqizo linikeza uhlu oluphelele lwezixazululo zokupheka eziklanyelwe amakhitshi anokunakekela impilo.

Ukuqonda ubungozi obuhambisana ne-PFAS emikhiqizweni yokupheka kubalulekile ukuze uvikele impilo yakho kanye neyakho umndeni. Ucwaningo olufana nesifundo se-UNC Chapel Hill lukhombisa ubungozi bokuhlanganiswa kwe-PFAS ngokudla nasezinhlelweni zokupheka. Imizamo yokulawulwa efana neSenate Bill 682 yaseCalifornia ivula indlela yemikhiqizo yokusetshenziswa ephephile kanye nokwandisa ukuvuleka.

Ngokukhetha izinketho zokupheka ezinganawo ama-PFAS njengepani le-cast iron noma ama-skillet e-stainless steel nokunciphisa ukudla okwenziwe, abathengi banganciphisa kakhulu ukuvezwa kwabo kumakhemikhali abalulekile. Izinkampani ezifana ne-义乌歌赋工艺品有限公司 zihola phambili ngokunikeza izinto zokupheka eziphezulu, eziphephile ezihambisana nezindinganiso zempilo zanamuhla. Ukuze uthole eminye imininingwane mayelana nemikhiqizo yabo nezixazululo, vakashela kumakhasi e-About Us kanye ne-Tools ukuze ufunde ngezindlela zabo ezintsha zokukhiqiza izinto zokupheka.

Ukukhetha amathuluzi okuphisa ngokucophelela kuyisinyathelo esibalulekile sokwakha ikhishi elinempilo kanye nempilo engcono. Ukuqhubeka nokuphakamisa nokwazisa abathengi kuzoholela emakethe ekhululekile, eqinile yokuphisa, kuqinisekiswe ukuthi ulwazi lwakho lokupheka lujabulisayo futhi luphephile.